Clinical assessment in education utilizes various methods and tools to gather evidence about students' abilities, progress, and needs. By understanding and utilizing these key concepts, educators can make informed decisions to support student learning and development effectively.

Navigating the Special Education Referral Process: Key Steps and Importance Concepts

The special education referral process is a vital procedure mandated by federal and state laws to identify and evaluate students requiring special education services.

Adaptive Behavior

Adaptive behavior encompasses essential skills individuals acquire to navigate daily life effectively. Let's explore key components and considerations in adaptive behavior assessment and special education eligibility:

  • Communication

  • Self-care

  • Home Living

  • Social-Interpersonal Skills

  • Use of Community Resources

  • Self-Direction

  • Functional Academic Skills

  • Work

  • Leisure

  • Health

  • Safety

Intellectual Disability Determination

Score two standard deviations below the mean and a deficiency in two areas of adaptive behavior.

Exclusionary Factors

Factors not primarily contributing to assessment findings:

  • Access to Quality Education

  • Excessive Absences

  • Limited English Proficiency

  • Vision, Hearing, Motor Impairments

  • Emotional Behavioral Disorders

  • Cultural and Environmental/Economic Disadvantages

Emergent Bilinguals and Special Education

Considerations in determining special education eligibility for ELL students:

  • Ensure need for services isn't solely due to language barrier.

  • Avoid placement that may stigmatize or disempower students.

  • Target instruction to second language learning and literacy needs as per legal guidelines.

Understanding adaptive behavior, exclusionary factors, assessment methods, and considerations for English Language Learners is crucial in ensuring accurate special education eligibility determinations and providing effective support to all students. By recognizing these components, educators can promote inclusive practices that empower students to reach their full potential.

Formal Assessments

Monitors knowledge based on:

  • Norm-Referenced Performance (Class Average)

  • Criterion-Referenced (Individual Student Performance)

Informal Assessments

Evaluation without standard grading criteria:

  • Writing Samples

  • Observations

  • Project-Based Assignments

  • Presentations